Death Of Salesman By Miller Essays (1753 words) -

Death Of Salesman By Miller Thesis: In Arthur Miller's, Death of a Salesman, the character of Ben is used as a catalyst to fuel the development of the main character, Willy. The character of Ben in Arthur Miller's, Death Of A Salesman, functions as a catalyst to fuel the development of his main character, Willy. Miller uses Ben as an idealistic figure for Willy. Ben is the figure that Willy strives to be like throughout the story. By exploring Ben's character, we develop a better understanding of Willy's character. We learn Willy's personality and character by looking at Ben's actions and beliefs. Ben's personal morals become Willy's rules of life. Throughout the story, Willy strives to be like his brother. Ben's character allows us understand the importance of living one's life by their own rules. His character helps us to understand that we must play with the hand we are dealt. Life is too short to be playing someone else's hand. The contrast between Ben and Willy's characters allows the reader to recognize the importance of letting go of the past and not dwelling on mistakes made or regrets. Willy is so eat up with his brother's success and the idea of living his brother's life, that he loses control over his own life and reality. Ben appears but three times throughout the story, first in a flashback, second in a quasi-flashback where Willy has inserted him into a scenario that actually happened, and finally in a complete hallucination. Through a comparison and understanding of each of these occurrences, we are able to gain vast knowledge of who Willy Loman actually is. These flashbacks and hallucinations show how Ben's character is used as a device to Taylor 2 allow us to understand what is actually going on inside Willy Loman's head. The first time Ben appears is in a flashback within Willy's mind. This flashback is used as an interruption of Willy's feelings of inadequacy about his present situation. Willy has returned home from a selling trip, unable to concentrate and unable to keep his mind in the present. Ben appears as a scapegoat for Willy from his situation, a way for him to forget about his present condition and feelings. This flashback with Ben provides us with a large amount of information about himself, and thus about Willy. We learn first that Ben is a lot wealthier then Willy, and that while they are brothers, they did not grow up together. We also learn through the flashback that Willy idolizes Ben, though they have never been close. "Ben! I've been waiting for you so long! What's the answer? How did you do it?(Miller 1938)." Obviously, Ben has achieved what Willy wishes for. We find out that Ben has made a fortune by "walking into Africa." He has prospered by essentially using other people for what they can give him. "When I was seventeen I walked into the jungle, and when I was twenty-one I walked out. And by god he was rich(1939)." We learn a lot about the character of Willy because he completely believes that this is an excellent way to make money. He obviously does not believe that a person has to put in a lot of hard work to achieve success, and that in fact Ben's way is the way to go. The flashback also illustrates a fight between Ben and Biff. Ben says, "Never fight fair with a stranger(1939)." This shows us his morals and values, that you cannot trust people, and that you should always take Taylor 3 advantage of people you don't know. This also demonstrates the essence of Ben's character. He believes that you should take advantage of which you can and use it for your own good in any way possible. Since Willy believes that Ben is a good example of a success, he essentially believes in what he says and believes that his boys should follow this. We have prior evidence that Willy believes you should take advantage of people when he tells Biff not to worry about his math, that Bernard will let him cheat off of him. This flashback provides more then just basic character traits. It reinforces our view of Willy as someone who tends to stretch the truth. At first we are told that Ben pleaded with Willy to go to Alaska with him. Yet we soon see that this is not at all the case, in fact rather the opposite. The second quasi-flashback has Ben placed into a scene in Willy's mind,

Free Short Stories from Project Gutenberg

Free Short Stories from Project Gutenberg Founded by Michael Hart in 1971, Project Gutenberg is a free digital library containing more than 43,000 e-books. Most of the works are in the public domain, though in some cases copyright holders have given Project Gutenberg permission to use their work. Most of the works are in English, but the library also includes texts in French, German, Portuguese, and other languages. The effort is run by volunteers who are constantly working to expand the librarys offerings. Project Gutenberg was named after Johannes Gutenberg, the German inventor who developed movable type in 1440. Movable type, along with other advances in printing, helped facilitate mass production of texts, which fostered the rapid spread of knowledge and ideas in art, science, and philosophy. Goodbye, Middle Ages. Hello, Renaissance. Note: Because copyright laws vary from country to country, users outside of the United States are advised to check the copyright laws in their respective countries before downloading or distributing any texts from Project Gutenberg. Finding Short Stories on the Site Project Gutenberg offers a wide range of texts, from the United States Constitution to old issues of Popular Mechanics to charming medical texts like 1912s Cluthes Advice to the Ruptured. If youre specifically hunting for short stories, you can start with the directory of short stories arranged by geography and other topics. (Note: If you have trouble accessing the Project Gutenberg pages, look for an option that says, Turn off this top frame and the page should work.) At first, this arrangement seems straightforward, but on closer examination, youll realize that all of the stories categorized under Asia and Africa, for example, are written by English-speaking authors like Rudyard Kipling and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who wrote stories about those continents. In contrast, some of the stories categorized under France are by French writers; others are by English writers writing about France. The remaining categories seem somewhat arbitrary (Ghost Stories, Victorian Stories of Successful Marriages, Victorian Stories of Troubled Marriages), but there is no question that they are fun to browse through. In addition to the short stories category, Project Gutenberg offers an extensive selection of folklore. In the childrens section, you can find myths and fairytales, as well as picture books. Accessing the Files When you click on an interesting title on Project Gutenberg, youll be confronted with a somewhat daunting (depending on your comfort level with technology) array of files to choose from. If you click Read this e-book online, youll get completely plain text. This is an important part of what Project Gutenberg is trying to accomplish; these texts will be preserved electronically without complications from fancy formatting that might not be compatible with future technologies. Nevertheless, knowing that the future of civilization is secure wont improve your reading experience today one iota. The plain-text online versions are uninviting, awkward to page through, and dont include any images. A book called More Russian Picture Tales, for example, simply includes [illustration] to tell you where you might see a lovely image if only you could get your hands on the book. Downloading a plain text file rather than reading it online is slightly better because you can scroll all the way down the text instead of hitting next page over and over. But it is still pretty stark. The good news is that Project Gutenberg really, really wants you to be able to read and enjoy these texts, so they offer many other options: HTML. In general, the HTML file will provide a better reading experience online. Take a look at the HTML file for More Russian Picture Tales, and-voil!- the illustrations appear.EPUB files, with or without images. These files work on most e-readers, but not on Kindle.Kindle files, with or without images. Be aware, though, that Project Gutenberg is up in arms because of the Kindle Fire, unlike previous Kindles, is not particularly compatible with free e-books. For suggestions, you can read their webmasters Review of the Kindle Fire.Plucker files. For PalmOS devices and a few other handheld devices.QiOO mobile e-book files. These files are intended to be readable on all mobile phones, but Javascript is required. The Reading Experience Reading archival material, electronically or otherwise, is very different from reading other books. The lack of context can be disorienting. You can often find a copyright date, but otherwise, theres very little information about the author, the pieces publication history, the culture at the time it was published, or its critical reception. In some cases, it may be impossible to even figure out who had translated works into English. To enjoy Project Gutenberg, you need to be willing to read alone. Going through these archives is not like reading a bestseller that everyone else is reading, too. When someone at a cocktail party asks you what youve been reading, and you answer, I just finished an 1884 short story by F. Anstey called The Black Poodle, you will likely be met with blank stares. But did you read it? Of course you did, because it begins with this line: I have set myself the task of relating in the course of this story, without suppressing or altering a single detail, the most painful and humiliating episode of my life. Unlike most works you read in anthologies, many of the works in the Project Gutenberg library have not withstood the proverbial test of time. We know that someone in history thought the story was worth publishing. And we know that at least one human being- a volunteer from Project Gutenberg- thought a given story was worth putting online forever. The rest is up to you. Browsing through the archive may raise some questions for you about what on earth that test of time really means, anyway. And if you feel youd like some company in your reading, you can always suggest a Gutenberg piece to your book club. The Rewards Though its wonderful to see a familiar name like Mark Twain in the archives, the truth is that The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County has already been widely anthologized. You probably have a copy on your shelf right now. So the Gutenberg price tag, though fabulous, isnt really the best thing about the site. Project Gutenberg brings out the literary treasure-hunter in all of us. There are gems at every turn, like this wonderful voice from Bill Arp (pen name of Charles Henry Smith, 1826-1903, an American writer from Georgia), featured in The Wit and Humor of America, volume IX: I almost wish every man was a reformed drunkard. No man who hasnt drank liker knows what a luxury cold water is. Cold water may, indeed, be a luxury to the drunkard, but for someone who loves short stories, the real luxury is the chance to explore thousands of rich-but-almost-forgotten texts, to read with fresh eyes, to get a glimpse of literary history, and to form unencumbered opinions about what you read.

Politics and Beliefs Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Politics and Beliefs - Term Paper Example This essay discusses that according to Cloninger, for a certain group of people, ideology is important and performs four functions. The first function is it describes the surroundings and answers question why things go as they are. The second of these functions is the evaluation of the surrounding whether good or bad. The third of the functions of ideology is to give the person or group of people a sense of identity. The most important of the functions is the programmatic aspect where ideas are applied into actions. Political ideology is therefore a very important aspect of human nature. A political ideology according to Cloninger is like a revolutionary movement at first that will try to create change according to the goals in life as they wish. Gerring in Chris Livesey’s work entitled Power and Politics defined â€Å"Ideologies† (a set of related beliefs and values) become political ideologies when they â€Å"specify a concrete programme of actions† (such as pa rty manifesto). Mullins described political ideologies as a program of collective action for the maintenance , alteration and transformation of society†. Livesey stated that a conventional way to classify political ideologies is to view them as a continuous line (the continuum) with two ends: â€Å"left wing† parties including Communist and Socialist and â€Å"right wing† parties such Conservative and Fascist. Rummel also identified major political ideologies by illustrating a political triangle. ... They advocate the view that capitalism is a form of exploitation which unfairly concentrates powers and wealth among the few people only. Socialists believe that capitalism creates inequality in a society and does not work in the interest of the majority. According to Rummel (n.d.), libertarianism is the â€Å"political formula for those who opposed to state power.† Thus these are people who wanted to do as things their own way and support basic civil freedoms. Authoritarianism leans more on â€Å"the traditions and customs and central power lies in the hands of a leader who maintains such tradition and policies (Rummel, n.d.). Political Socialization Political socialization is defined as â€Å"the process by which political culture is transmitted in a given society. It occurs at both the individual and community level, and it extends beyond the acquisition of political culture to encompass the learning of more sophisticated political ideas and orientations. Political social ization is a lifelong process and a variety of individuals and institutions contribute to its shaping effect†(http://imej.wfu.edu, Political Socialization). This process of transmission is carried through the agents of socialization which include family, schools, church, friends and media. Family is considered to be the most important agent of socialization. Most likely, children will have the same political affiliation as their parents. Schools on the other hand also have vital effect on students’ political values through peer groups. Religion also affects a person’s values and ideologies through their moral teachings. Friends also influence a person’s value through sharing of thoughts and constant communication. Media

Sumatran Tigers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sumatran Tigers - Research Paper Example There are two major factors that have caused the Sumatran tigers to become critically endangered – agricultural growth and increased poaching. Sumatra has undergone extensive deforestation as a result of agricultural growth, especially in the production of palm oil. This has caused the tiger habitats to become limited to the Kerinci Seblat and Gunung Leuser national parks and some unprotected areas. Again, tigers that live in unprotected areas are at increased risk of poaching and killing as they frequently enter nearby villages in search of food. Since the 1990s, Sumatran tigers have been hunted for their bones which are an important ingredient in traditional Asian medicines especially to treat rheumatism. Tiger bones and other products of the tiger are also used in magical practices that are conducted in Sumatra and other parts of Indonesia. These products are used as â€Å"ingredients for prescriptions or as amulets to ward off evil spirits† (Shepherd & Magnus 11). I n fact, Indonesia has been identified as the major supplier of tiger bones and other tiger products from 1975 to 1992 in the South Korean Customs import records (Shepherd & Magnus 37). The skins and bones of Sumatra Tigers are also exported internationally. Tiger teeth and claws are also used to custom design gold pendants to cater to international tourists.Tiger skins and stuffed tigers are also in great demand in the domestic market with policemen, army personnel, government officials and business men as the primary customers.

Whitbread Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Whitbread Analysis - Case Study Example company has utilized cost leadership is in the use of the technology, particularly iPhone Apps, and Mobile websites to ensure that it cuts prices (Porter, 1985). In the same context, the company has managed to realize success in the cost leadership strategy through innovation. As such, the company has focused on a unique Christmas campaign, variety of foods including breakfast and new drinks such as hot chocolate. Another approach, which companies enhance cost leadership, is through seeking new opportunities. As for such, it is evident that Whitbread has been venturing into new markets in different countries (Lynch, 2003). The company is in a position to own a strong brand portfolio. Such is evident from its partner stores, which are Premier Inn and Costa, and they are market-leading performers. The mother company has many years of experience in the hospitality and restaurants industry. In addition, the company is focusing on providing new products in both local and international markets at affordable prices to ensure profitability (Worley, & Cummings, 2014). Costa faces the risk of overpricing its products because of its location in a lavish ending of the coffee products spectrum (Lashely 2010). In addition, most of the brands are still untested outside the United Kingdom market, with only a low number of Costa Markets and premier Inn outlets in the international market. Similarly, the company has not provided proper brand awareness in the saturated international market, which is a factor that might undermine its sales. Considering the store cutbacks and possible closure faced my many traditional retailers, the company has an opportunity to capitalize on the available high street retail price. In respect to expansion, the company has an opportunity to venture into new markets in Dubai, India and China among others. The company’s global economic progress remains unstable; however, there is significant uncertainty in the process of expanding into new markets

The Understanding Of Feminist Theories English Literature Essay

The Understanding Of Feminist Theories English Literature Essay A system of cultural and social assumptions that are presented as natural or common sense, presented as normative social structures but which actually uphold a particular point of view on the world, they are shifting through time, contingent sets of attitudes and dispositions. (Lecture handout) This shift through time relates to feminist theory being developed in writing over time due to the influence of previous feminist literature. The womens movement of the 1960s was not the beginning of feminism. It is an ideology already present in classical books. An example of one of these books is Mary Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Women which highly influenced her daughter Mary Shelleys novel Frankenstein. Other influences on this novel will be discussed in this essay. A feminist may view Frankenstein as a womans story of male creativity because it is a womans description of a mans creation. (Lecture handout) Frankenstein has been described as a Female Gothic  [2]  which is defined as the work that women writers have done in the literary mode that, since the eighteenth century, we have called the Gothic. (Moers, p.214) She intended Frankenstein to be the kind of ghost story that would curdle the blood, and quicken the beatings of the heart. (Moers, p.214) This is seen in the description when the mad scientist makes the monster: It was on a dreary night of Novemberà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦With an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feetà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦my candle was nearly burnt outà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open; it breathed hard, and a convulsion motion agitated its limbsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips. (Moers, p.217-218) The adjectives dreary, lifeless, horrid, shrivelled and black create a dark image of the monster for the reader. The feelings described such as anxiety, agony and agitation of its limbs reflect possible negative feelings the reader may be experiencing as they read the description. The action described such as my candle was nearly burnt out and it breathed hard creates suspense to the mystery of this creature. These techniques show Frankenstein to have brought a new sophistication to literary terror and it did so without a heroine, without even an important female victim. (Moers, p.216) Mary Shelleys personal experience influenced her writing and a feminist may see the hideous description of birth as an addition to fear of female sexuality because his workshop of filthy creation is seen as filthy because obscenely sexual. (Lecture handout) Womens childbirth is metaphorically described in a hideous way in Frankenstein as shown in Frankensteins process, when he has decided to produce new life, is to visit the vaults and charnel houses and examine the human body in all its disgusting phases of decay and decomposition. (Moers, p.220) To examine the causes of life, he says, we must first have recourse to death. His purpose is to bestow animation upon lifeless matter, so that he might in process of time renew life where death has apparently devoted the body to corruption. (Moers, p.220) Death and lifeless matter must be looked at and used to make new life: Death and birth were thus as hideously mixed in the life of Mary Shelley as in Frankensteins workshop of filthy creationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦her myth of the birth of a nameless monsterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which records the trauma of her lossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦of her first babyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦who did not live long enough to be given a name. (Moers, p.221) A feminist may relate to the feelings of mothers guilt of abandoning her children as only women experience a mothers attachment to their child. Ellen Moers states that another personal female experience which influenced Shelleys writing was the absence of a mother since she was born and her fathers abandonment of her after she eloped. (Moers, p.222) I, the miserable and the abandoned. Cries the monster at the end of Frankenstein, I am an abortion to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I have murdered the lovely and the helplessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ I have devoted my creator to misery; I have pursued him even to that irremediable ruin. (Moers, p.222) This reflects Mary Shelleys feelings of being miserable and abandoned through harsh imagery using words such as spurned, kicked, trampled. It also reflects her guilt over losing her children which are lovely and helpless and have suffered the same abandonment as the newborn is at once monstrous agent of destruction and pite ous victim of parental abandonment. (Moers, p.222) A feminist may consider all women to originate from Eve to identify who we are and the reason why we are separated from men into a different gender which triggered the separation of public-masculine world and domestic-feminine one. Frankenstein is heavily influenced by the evidence of marginalisation of fallen Eve in John Miltons Paradise Lost. Frankenstein Who was I? What was I? Whence did I come? the monster reports wondering, describing endless speculations cast in Miltonic terms.  [3]  These questions refer back to the story of mankind to identify who we are, what we were before we were alive and when we came into this world. Thus their questionings are in some sense female, for they belong in that line of literary womens questionings of the fall into genderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Gilbert and Gubar, p.229-230) Relating back to the point that Eve represents female fall, a feminist may read Frankenstein as a subverted version of Miltons Paradise Lost with the emphasis on the fall of the woman in terms of her creativity. Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar argue that Mary Shelley uses Waltons revelations in the novel to mirror her anxieties as a woman. Walton says: You are well-acquainted with my failure and how heavily I bore the disappointment  [4]  However, Mary Shelley also states in her introduction in Frankenstein that she had spent her childhood in waking dreams of literature; later, both she and her poet-husband hoped she would prove herself worthy of [her] parentage and enrol [herself] on the page of fame (xii). (Gilbert and Gubar, p.229-230) Both Shelley and Walton share the anxiety of failure as a writer. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it seems possible that one of the anxious fantasies his narrative helps Mary Shelley covertly examine is the fearful tale of a female fall from a lost paradise of art, speech, and autonomy into a hell of sexuality, silence, and filthy materialityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Gilbert and Gubar, p.231) A feminist may argue that female characters are just as important as male characters in literature which may be an argument for the equality of importance of men and women in everyday life. The female characters of the book have a significant role in the story: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Victors post-creation nightmare of transforming a lovely, living Elizabeth, with a single magical kiss, into the corpse of my dead mother enveloped in a shroud made more horrible by grave-worms crawling in the folds of the flannel (42, chap 5) (Gilbert and Gubar, p.232) Relating back to the subject of Gothic writing, Elizabeths character enables Shelley to further reveal her Gothic style through chilling imagery using words such as corpse, dead and grave-worms crawling. Though it has been disguised, buried, or miniaturised, female-nessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦is at the heart of this apparently masculine book. (Gilbert and Gubar, p.232) Although the book is comprised of mainly male characters, Elizabeths character is used to show Shelleys talent in writing which is the heart of the book. A feminist may see the character Victor as the cause of the fall of women as he symbolises Eve who represents all women who are tempted to do wrong unto the world and unleash Sin and Death. Victors curiosity also mirrors Eves curiosity: He is consumed by a fervent longing to penetrate the secrets of nature, a longing which -expressed in his explorations of vaults and charnel-houses, his guilty observations of the structure of human frame- recalls the criminal female curiosity that led Psyche to lose love by gazing upon its secret face, Eve to insist upon consuming intellectual foodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Gilbert and Gubar, p.234) The secrets of nature is a sexual reference and the metaphors vaults and charnel-houses and human frame are metaphors for bodies and intellectual food refers to sexual appetite: For what Victor Frankenstein most importantly learns, we must remember, is that he is the author of the monster-for him alone is reservedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦so astonishing a secret- and thus it is he who is the true murderer, he who unleashes Sin and Death upon the world, he who dreams the primal kiss that incestuously kills both sister and mother. (Gilbert and Gubar, p.234) A feminist recognises the importance of books and reading to further womens education. (Lecture handout) The monster is the voice of Mary Shelley. Werters story, says the monster-and he seems to be speaking for Mary Shelley-taught him about gentle and domestic manners and about lofty sentimentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which had for their object something out of selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the monster explains to Victor that I thought Werter himself a more divine being that I had everà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦imagined. (Gilbert and Gubar, p.237) Mary Shelley reveals to her readers the importance of education and etiquette such as gentle and domestic manners to help men and women in their everyday lives. Mary Shelley considers Werter a divine being relaying the message that men are valued for their knowledge and can enable women to learn from them through their literature. A feminist may view Frankenstein as a separation of public-masculine world and domestic feminine one as males are taking the domestic role of womens childbirth in Shelleys alternative world. (Lecture handout) Mary Shelley creates an alternative all-male world in her novel. Frankensteins bride-to-be is transformed in his arms into the corpse of his dead mother- a shroud enveloped her form, and I saw the grave-worms crawling in the folds of the flannel. (p53)  [5]  This description horridly describes the corpse intentionally as a representation of the death of all women. One of the deepest horrors of this novel is Frankensteins implicit goal of creating a society for men only: his creature is male; he refuses to create a female; there is no reason that the race of immortal beings he hoped to propagate should not be exclusively male. (Mellor, p.274) This separation of the public-masculine world and domestic feminine one helps us to understand the cultural background of the text in the time it was written in regards to peoples ideas on gender separation. (Lecture handout) The men in Frankensteins world all work outside the homeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The women are confined to the home; Elizabeth for instance, is not permitted to travel with Victor and regretted that she had not the same opportunities of enlarging her experience and cultivating her understanding (151). Inside the home, women are either kept as a kind of pet (Victor loved to tend on Elizabeth as I should on a favourite animal [p.30]; or they work as house wives, childcare providers, and nursesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Mellor, p.275) Men are seen to have more opportunities to expand their knowledge and develop their understanding and women are seen as pets or animals. Victor Frankensteins nineteenth-century Genevan society is founded on a rigid division of sex roles. (Mellor, p.274) We can see Mary Shelleys feminist views on the divide of the gender in the novel and the costs of it. Frankensteins obsession with his experiment has caused him to forget those friends who were so many miles absent, and whom I had not seen for so long a time (p.50) (Mellor, p.275) The bad result of the division is he ignored his friends and loved ones as he cannot do scientific research and think lovingly of Elizabeth and his family at the same time. (Mellor, p.275) Feminist theory of Frankenstein enhances my understanding of the text as it has shown me it could be read as a womans story of male creativity. The theme of gender is exposed throughout the novel in different ways. The description of birth or the hideous progeny of body reveals the fear of female sexuality of the time. Evidence of marginalisation is shown in the references to Miltons Paradise Lost as Eve is seen to be fallen. Also the separation of public-masculine world and domestic feminine one is seen through the characters roles in the novel. Mary Shelleys gothic style is seen as a subversive form of writing as no other woman before her was able to develop this style in an effective way. There is a strong encouragement to educate women through the importance of books and reading in the novel as Shelley used previous literature to write her novel. This is significant as feminist readings of Frankenstein can be used by other feminists to understand other novels the same way feminis t theory of Frankenstein has helped me to understand the text.

Stones from the River Essay -- Stones from the River Germany Essays

Stones from the River 1. Synopsis of â€Å"Stones from the River† Trudi Montag was growing up during the World Wars in Burgdorf, Germany. She lived with her father, Leo, and helped him run their pay library. When she was young her mother, Gertrude, went insane, and died at the asylum. Trudi could remember how her mother used to run away, and after her father carried her home, he would lock her up in the attic, to try to prevent her from escaping again. She always did escape, and Trudi usually found her outside, hiding under the stairs. Trudi would spend time with her mother in the attic, or under the stairs. In the attic, the two would play with the paper dolls Leo gave his wife, and Gertrude would teach Trudi how to escape from the attic. Under the stairs, Gertrude told Trudi of her affair with her husband’s friend, Emil, and how she fell off his motorcycle one day, and skinned her knee. Her knee healed, but the stones could be felt beneath her skin if she let someone try to feel for them. That very same day Leo got shot in the kn ee in the First World War, and had to come home, and would forever walk with a limp. Gertrude blamed herself for her husband’s injury, just as Trudi blamed herself for her mother’s death. Trudi was born a dwarf, a Zwerg, in German. Trudi felt that if she were a normal baby/child, then her mother would have never tried to run away. Trudi thought that it was her fault her mother went insane, and had to go to an asylum, where her mother died. Although Trudi’s father told her it was not her fault her mom died, she blamed herself anyway. Trudi and her dad became close, and would spend their time playing, reading, walking, or working in the library together. At the end of the book, Trudi felt a great lose when her dad died the day after his birthday. Ever since his friend Emil died, and Mrs. Abramowitz was taken away for being a Jew in WW II, Leo grew weak, and seemed to give up his will to live. Trudi hated the fact that she was a dwarf, and began to hang from doorframes in attempt to stretch her body. She would also tie her mother’s scarves around her head to keep it from growing at night and pray everyday to grow. She asked the town doctor how to make her grow, and even drank some â€Å"magic potion† from a man who said it would make her grow. Trudi had no friends in school, and every child made fun o... ...can prison camps, the Americans kept their prisoners close to starvation, with only two bowls of soup per day.† He said, â€Å"that the Americans said it was only fair because the Jews got even less food in the KZs.† In short, American prisoners almost starved because the Jews did, so it was fair. Do you agree with this? Why? 7. Trudi and many others risked their lives hiding Jews in their houses. If you were confronted with this situation, what would you do? 8. Frau Simon saved a little Jewish girl from being stoned by a group of boys. If you witnessed the same thing, knowing that protecting Jews was against the law, would you have done the same as Frau Simon? Why? 4. Open ended questions continued 9. What are your feelings toward the Nazis? If you were confronted whether or not to turn in your family members, as Helmut was, would you? Why? 10. After WW II had ended, many Germans said, â€Å"It’s not good to dwell on the things that were terrible.† â€Å"Nobody wants to relive those years. We have to go forward.† If you were told this, would you agree or disagree? Would you want to talk of the War, or never hear of it again? Why?

Christian Theology in A Good Man is Hard to Find Essay

â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Conner reflects the Christian belief that even the most unlikely of people can be recipients of God’s grace. The grandmother and the Misfit, both â€Å"bad† in their own ways, are each unlikely and undeserving recipients of grace. According to Christian theology, humans are granted salvation through God’s grace, which can be bestowed upon to even the most unlikely. The grandmother’s and the Misfit’s moral codes they live by that affect their actions, decisions and perceptions. The term â€Å"moral† doesn’t necessarily mean good, but is simply the way people choose to live their lives. At first it seems as if it is the Misfit who lacks guidance as he continuously murders people. It is the grandmother whose moral code is weak and inconsistent. She has built her morals solely on what she believes make people â€Å"good.† She pays a great amount of attention in being a lady, repeatedly deceives her family, and lacks a clear standpoint on the world around her. She boasts about her love for Christianity, but does not seem to be able to pray when she finds herself in crisis. She even begins to question the power and divinity of Jesus. It is clear the grandmother is not sincere and aware of her actions. The Misfit has a strong and consistent moral code. The Misfit believes that the punishments he received from his exp erience of being a convicted criminal were always disproportional to his crime, and the crime doesn’t even matter at the end. He also shows a genuine curiosity about religion. The grandmother accepts faith unquestioningly while the Misfit challenges these beliefs and thinks deeply on how he should follow them or not. The Misfit has chosen to live under his assumption that religion is pointless and goes with his own belief â€Å"No pleasure but meanness.† (O’Conner 941). The Misfit only wishes he was present to see Jesus rise from the dead so he could know the events were factual. It is obvious the grandmother in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† lies to her grandchildren, manipulates her son, and makes several remarks as to why the  past times have superiority to the present. She believes she is morally superior to those younger than her. She also believes she has the right to judge the goodness of others and tell them how to live their lives. The grandmother seems quite oblivious to reality as she heads the family to somewhere completely different than where she thought they were. Th e tragic wreck was all due to the grandmother’s ignorance. Towards the final moments of her life, she instructs the Misfit to pray, despite the fact she lacks the sincere qualities herself necessary to form a prayer. As she grows afraid of what will happen to her, she agrees with the Misfit and changes her mind about Jesus rising from the dead. Her doing so reflects she is confused and unsure of her beliefs making her a very unlikely recipient of grace. The Misfit is an unrepentant murderer who finds no pleasure in anything but meanness. He shows no remorse for his actions. The Misfit was aware of Jesus being crucified, but felt that he would have had to see it to believe it for sure. Both characters show habitual sins and ultimately are each undeserving recipients of grace. Even people like the grandmother and the Misfit have potential to be saved by God, according to Christian Theology. The grandmother experiences a moment of grace after the Misfit’s wish to know for sure what Jesus did and didn’t do. Her head clears momentarily and she says â€Å"Why you’re one of my babies. You’re one of my own children!† (O’Conner 948). This suggests that the grandmother is realizing that they both are of the same kind. Given the circumstances, her comment seems pretty insane, but this is the g randmother’s clearest moment in the story. She shows compassion which implies that God has granted her grace just before she is shot by the Misfit. The Misfit too, is open to grace at this moment. He claims earlier in the story there was â€Å"no pleasure but meanness† in life, and now denies there is any pleasure in life at all after killing the grandmother. All his killings have quit giving him happiness, suggesting that he, too, may foster the possibility to change. â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† has a strong, somewhat harsh portrayal of religion. The characters in this story are both awakened and their faith is altered. The Christian idea of moments of grace in this story apply to real life. It is believed among many Christian followers that God’s grace is very powerful, unlike any other human could give to another. Most people misunderstand this and think that blessings are granted upon those who do good works and  punishments through bad works. The use of grace has nothing to do with any kinds of works, which is where most people are mistaken. Rather, the principle to the Christian theology of grace is recognized in the bible by Solomon. He said it is vain to judge God on matters of good or bad works. God can surely do as he pleases and His ways are opposite of man’s ways. Solomon says: â€Å"There is vanity that is done under the earth; that there be just men, unto whom it happens according to the work of the wicked; again, there be wicked men, to whom it happens according to the work of the righteous: I said that this is also vanity.† (Ecclesiastes 5:14) This quote suggests that despite the actions one may do, it is up to the grace of God that determines what that person deserves or does not deserve. The use of grace is all part of God’s plan for humans. No matter how many men judge a person, it is only God’s judgment that determines who receives grace. The grandmother and Misfit have been awarded the positive aspects of grace, which is not dependent on works of any kind. According to Christian theology, humans are commanded to be righteous and not evil. It says in the bible that God loves his creations so intensely he gave his only son to die for all human sins, which was a big question mark for the Misfit. If only he had known for sure maybe he would have never committed the immoral crimes he did. If the Misfit would have only known that according to Christian theology, all humans are destined by God’s divine grace no matter what deeds that have been done on earth, he would have made wiser decisions. If only th e grandmother had been shot every day all of her life, according to the Misfit, would she have been a better lady. When thinking of Christian theology, one would agree it just pertains to religion and God. Theology is the study of religion, and God’s relation to the world. Theology is based upon the Old and New Testament in the Bible, as well as historic traditions practiced by Christians. It has been practiced for thousands of years. People have always tried to make justifications to argue, examine, clarify, defend or promote Christianity. The Misfit seems to know most aspects when it comes to the Christian religion, as he talks about all of Christ’s works in the story. The way he viewed Christian beliefs was all an outcome on how he lived his life. â€Å"Our concepts about the divine  inform our lives more deeply than most people can trace. Whether God is viewed as distant or near, as gracious or capricious, as concerned or apathetic, the conclusions we reach—whether the result of careful reflection or negligent assumptions—guide our lives.† (Kapic 1) The wa y people live their lives depends on an individuals’ belief about theology and the way God relates to the world. It is the beliefs people choose to accept that ultimately guides everyday lives. Whether people choose to accept or deny that there is a God, it is all based on individual experiences and beliefs. The grandmother seemed to have thought she knew all about Christianity, but judging by her actions, it is clear she did not genuinely live righteously. There is no factual evidence that Jesus is real, but many have come to receive grace in their final moments, as shown in â€Å"A Good Man.† Believers of Christian faith are thought out to be hypocritical and this stereotype fits the grandmother’s character in â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find.† Just like the grandmother and Misfit in the story, it is grace that enabled them to come to Christ sincerely. The final lines in the story depict both the grandmother’s and Misfit’s realizations as if they have received answers to all questions about life. â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† reflects the Christian theology of grace. The grace of God is a gift, and if willing to accept it, even when undeserving, humans can be granted salvation like the grandmother was. The grace of God has been shown not to bestow upon the mere form of actions, but onto ones who are open to Christ, according to â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard To Find.† Works Cited New King James Version. Thomas Nelson, Inc., 1982. Print. Kapic, Kelly M. A Little Book for New Theologians. InterVarsity Press, 2012. Print. O’Conner, Flannery. â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find.† The Writer’s Presence. Bedford/St. Martin’s; Fourth Edition, 2003. 931-943. Print.

THE MODELS OF POLITICS IN THE essays

THE MODELS OF POLITICS IN THE essays Politics, have always existed since the dawn of time, they exist because people argue and disagree, about how they should live, who should govern over whom and how power is distributed or monopolised. We all have different views/beliefs/opinions that we believe to be true and right and the act of reconciling between these differences and bringing these different believes and views together is politics, although this definition itself is political, as there is no true definition of politics for we all see it and define it from different angles and perspectives. This is always a point of debate as it is in politics, which are all about debate. There are 2 main models of politics that are widely known which are in themselves not concrete, politics as a creative compromise and politics as a struggle for power, each have their arguments as to which is viable and productive. This essay will briefly explain and analyse both models of politics while referencing champions of each model with historical background of where each model originated. The next step will be to decide and choose which model is most workable explanation while looking and relating it to an example from the world today. In conclusion it will objectively analyse the chosen model and close the argument. Politics stem from society; it sees politics as a humane and courageous activity. It links politics to society and argues that society needs order and security and this is hard to achieve due to the fact that society is consists of many groups with different ideals, ideologies and opinions which leads to argument and often conflict, this model tells us that politics comes to prevent this, in creative compromise politics are about the bringing together of many opinions and views and reaching a compromise that benefits all. ...For politics represent at least some tolerance of differing truths... Bernard Crick, in defence of politics. It is also about the sha...

Whts New in the New Economy essays

Whts New in the New Economy essays Whats New In The New Economy? When you picture the economy of America you can only visualize prosperity. Americas economy is a new economy and the reason behind that is the technology involved in every action taken towards the economy. People dont run the economy the computers and the Internet run the economy. This country is entering a digital economy. Its not at the same level it was in the 1920s when the entire United States was thrown in the well of depression. America has pulled itself in to a new revolutionized IT economy. The new economy competition at the workplace brings out the best and also the worst in companies. Those companies that tend to be at a higher standard invest their employees on training, quality improvements, customer satisfaction and research and development. The new economy brings higher paying job to higher skilled workers the demand is extremely high for education. The jobs that need to be filled are mostly attainable, to students of educational facilities who are enhancing their teachings, and up grading the material learned in the courses day by day. As the new technology is developed there needs to be educated people who can work with or on the new technology. The new economy also affects the unions, which benefit their members with increased comfort with their work benefits, hours and pay. The way the economy runs is the way our lives run. Technology is sprouting growth so fast that older assumptions on inflation productivity and profits etc. no longer hold. The new economys jobs are making themselves more flexible to the working parents who. Companies are flexing hours and days in order to accompany the kids and their parents. The new economy is also drastically fixing problems, which involve neglect from the children of working parents. Not to mention that the income and comfort of living for the ...

Job Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Job Application - Essay Example Being part of the CWS fellowship program will help me develop and utilize my analytical skills to promote energy conservation, and so I think I would very much be interested in working with them after I graduate. Peter Biyam is the project manager for CWS and the immediate audience for this cover letter and resume. Because the CWS fellowship program was founded fairly recently, Mr. Biyam is also the main contact for Human Resources concerns. Since CWS is a system organization, I have used a formal format for my cover letter and resume. Moreover, I want to show my professionalism and passion in getting this job. The CWS fellowship program is currently accepting applications for Winter & Summer Fellowship Programs which will be held in Ghana from December 28, 2013 to January 19, 2014 and May 29, 2014 to June 19, 2014, respectively. The most important reason for me in joining this program is that under my ability and supervision the program will be able to help the poor people by providing clean water resources. I think this is a very meaningful job that will not only add to my value as a worker, but also as a person since the job will enable me to further the lives of other people. Initially, candidates need to raise the fee that would cover their in-country expenses. Next, the candidates for this job will be trained in water quality testing and CWS water treatment methods. Then, candidates will spend two weeks in the field implementing and monitoring the CWS water business in their assigned villages in Africa. As this is a fellowship program, there is no specific skill required of me for th is job. However, because of what the job entails, I will need to show Mr. Biyam that I am financially capable of paying my share and that I am also physically, emotionally and mentally willing and able to stay in Africa for the duration of the program. To effectively do these, I have listed

Legal Rights Afforded to the Accused Research Paper

Legal Rights Afforded to the Accused - Research Paper Example Miranda rights apply to custodial interrogations and since John is held in police custody he qualifies for these rights (Roberson, Wallace and Stuckey, 2007). Ideally, John is an illegal immigrant and as such is expected to face the due process of the law and similar protection provided in the constitution like other United States (US) citizens. He should therefore be accorded help if unable to communicate in native language by being given a translator. If the police officers fail to advise John of the fundamental rights provided in the constitution, any statements made by John may therefore be suppressed if challenged in a court of law meaning that such incriminating statements may not be used against John during his trial. Some procedural steps that must be taken include booking John for the crimes he has been arrested for. His personal belonging are then taken, photographs and fingerprints taken in order to confirm his identity and establish if there are other warrants of arrests issued before (Kempinen, 2006). John should then be arraigned in court before a judge and at this point the judge will decide if there was a need for the arrest. During the arraignment, a judge also decides the amount of bail or if the suspect would be released on recognizance. Nevertheless, considering that John is not a citizen, the immigration department should put him on hold meaning that even if a bail is allowed, he would not be freed without posting an immigration bond. The immigration will then wait from his case to complete and then commence deportation proceedings against John. Preliminary hearing is mainly used to assess adequacy of evidence against a suspect in order to make a decision whether to go to a full trial. On the other hand, a grand jury is where a group of citizens listen to evidence presented to determine if a full trial should commence. Both preliminary and grand jury allows evidence which gives the prosecutor enough evidence to charge the